DEVELOPMENT OF PHOTOLUMINESCENT SEPARATION SYSTEM FOR FUSARIUM-INFECTED GRAIN
УДК: 535.372:632.08 DOI: 10.31588/2073-0462-2026-21-2-61-70 EDN: GRVIRF
Keywords:
separation, photoluminescence, grain, infestation, fusariumAbstract
Seed losses due to pathogens can be reduced at the post-harvest cleaning stage using optical methods for assessing grain infestation. The aim of this study is to develop an automated photoluminescence system for separating grain and to evaluate its key performance indicators. The object of the study is the process of recognizing and separating healthy and infected seeds based on their optical luminescence properties. The scientific novelty lies in the transition from quantitative separation methods to qualitative, targeted methods, where grain separation does not aim for averaging results but is capable, albeit with a certain degree of error, to separate grains with specified parameters. The research was conducted from 2022 to 2025 at Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution Federal Scientific Center for VIM. Wheat, barley and oat seeds were used as grain material. Separation apparatus is based on the determination of grain contamination using an optical luminescence method in the grain flow based on the ratio of photoluminescence fluxes upon excitation by radiation at 362 nm and 424 nm. The radiation sources were selected according to the energy efficiency criterion, which is maximum effective output. The grain separation unit includes a light-tight chamber with two LEDs (effective radiation output of 0.95-0.98%) and one wide-spectrum photodiode. The developed system includes a hopper with a positioning device on a conveyor belt, an optoelectronic diagnostics unit and an actuator in the form of solenoids. The separation unit's operating algorithm includes: initialization and testing of the main systems; receiving a luminescence signal; analysis of the received signal ratio; and activation of the actuators. A sample of 1 000 healthy and 1 000 pathogen-infected grains was used as the starting material for separation. Seed recognition accuracy using photoluminescence separation reaches 72%. The proportion of correctly classified seeds exceeds 75% and the relative measurement error of the key parameter (Ф362/Ф424) is less than 10% for both groups.
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