IMPROVING METHODS FOR DESIGNING SOIL PROTECTION TECHNOLOGIES ON SLOP AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPE
DOI 10.12737/2073-0462-2023-111-116 УДК 631.4
Keywords:
erosion resistance of soils, capillary waves, slope agricultural landscapes.Abstract
The main goal of the research is to clarify the values of soil erosion resistance. Existing methods for assessing the erosion resistance of soils involve studying the kinetic and potential energy of water flow. The decrease in total energy during the flow along the channel is associated with the work of the water flow to destroy and wash away the soil. However, this does not take into account the energy of capillary waves existing on the surface of water during laminar flow. Their frequency is usually such that the waves are not visible to the naked eye and are therefore not taken into account, although the energy of such waves is comparable in magnitude to the energy of the flow. The need to clarify erosion resistance is associated with the ability to evaluate and take into account their energy. For this purpose, a methodology has been developed to take into account and evaluate the contribution of the energy of capillary waves to the total energy of the microflow of water, which has a destructive and erosive effect on the soil of a slope agricultural landscape. The technique is based on the developed mathematical model, which made it possible to obtain an expression for determining the ratio of the energy of capillary waves formed on the surface of a water flow to the kinetic energy of the water flow. To experimentally study the process of development of capillary waves on smooth and rough surfaces and determine the operating parameters, an installation was created in the form a rectangular tray with an adjustable angle of inclination and intensity of water supply, as well as with replaceable working surfaces. The geometry of the microflow and the shape of its surface were determined from the results of video recording and laser rangefinder readings. In the studied range of wave speeds from 0.28 to 0.46 m/s, wavelengths from 2.8 to 9.7 mm, flow depths from 0.7 to 3.1 mm, a numerical assessment of the dependence of the energy of capillary waves on the kinetic water flow energy revealed for the first time a significant (up to 40...60%) contribution of capillary waves formed on the surface of microflows to the total energy of the water flow.
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