SOME QUESTIONS ABOUT HEAT SUPPLY IN THE SOILPLANTAIR SYSTEM
DOI 10.12737/2073046220248187 УДК 631.5
Keywords:
heat supply of plants, bifurcation points, growth.Abstract
During the growing season, cultivated plants are subject to bifurcation effects such as drought, frost, ice, hail, heavy rains, etc. The dependence of mankind on the weather is quite large. The purpose of this work is to study artificial bifurcation by heat supply of plants in laboratory conditions. The thermophysical characteristics of the interaction of the "plant-soil-air" system are due to radiation heat exchange, which includes the arrival of long-wave radiation from the atmosphere to plants and reflected radiation from plants into the atmosphere; the arrival of short-wave radiation from solar radiation used by plant leaves for photosynthesis and reflection of part of this photoactive radiation; turbulent heat exchange of the soil surface with the surrounding surface air; transpiration heat exchange of the soil surface with the surrounding surface air; heat exchange in the soil. In addition, solar radiation reaching the slope surface has a different scattering effect on the functioning of the "plant-soil-air" system. Note that the vegetation cover performs the function of thermal insulation between the atmosphere and the soil. The analytical determination of the heat supply of plants is quite difficult, especially on slopes of different steepness and exposure, due to both the insufficiency of the data included in these analytical expressions, as well as the uncertainty (impossibility) of determining experimentally appropriate coefficients. Therefore, the technique of the bifurcation approach allows, as a first approximation, to design certain technologies for cultivating crops for a specific catchment area, both in terms of frost resistance, and to apply measures to protect against frost. The stability of plant seedlings to frost was checked in laboratory conditions: sowing and germination of barley seeds under the same conditions (according to ambient temperature and soil moisture) for seven days; placing in a refrigerator at -18°C; extraction from the refrigerator at intervals of 5 minutes, maximum duration of 50 minutes; visual monitoring of the condition of plants. Experimental studies have shown that the death of a plant from frost is described by the regression equation y = 0.0268x² ‒ 0.3701x + 17.232. As a result of the research, a bifurcation function has been proposed, confirmed by laboratory experiments.
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