CONCEPT OF MODERN TECHNOLOGY FOR PROCESSING LITTERLESS MANURE

DOI 10.12737/2073-0462-2025-1-82-92 УДК 631.861:631.22.018

Abstract

Analysis of methods for utilizing by-products of livestock farming allowed us to develop a promising concept of accelerated technology for processing litterless manure as part of an organomineral mixture. The basis of the concept is the separation of liquid and solid fractions of litterless manure already in the barn and, accordingly, subsequent separate processing, disinfection and introduction of fractions. In this case, the sterility of the liquid fraction is taken into account, therefore, its introduction is allowed without disinfection and processing. The solid fraction undergoes successive disinfection, mixing with fillers, microelements and reducers of the decomposing enzyme medium, partially destroyed during disinfection (manure decomposition accelerators). Dilution of organomineral mixture with the liquid fraction of the litterless manure is allowed to improve movement along the communications of machines and distribution in the soil. Preliminary studies have shown unevenness of organomineral mixture decomposition in gray forest soil due to the heterogeneity of mixing, based on which the authors note the importance of this operation. However, for the design and development of such multi-component litterless manure mixers with fillers and other components, there is insufficient openly available information on the initial physical and mechanical parameters of organomineral mixture components. Therefore, the objective of the presented study is the consistent development of the concept of litterless manure utilization as part of organomineral mixture, methods for obtaining the initial data on the components for the practical development of machines for mixing and introducing various forms of manure. Thus, the main initial data of the components were obtained: - bulk density (meat and bone meal (MBM) - 547.2; litterless manure - 1051; "Bionex Anima" decomposition accelerators - 703; "Utilak for bedding" - 585 kg/m3); - particle sizes for summer feeding (length-width-thickness) (3 ... 4) - 1.0-1.0 mm, for winter feeding - (4 ... 5) - 2.1-2.1 mm; - content of liquid fraction in MBM - 4.61%; in peat - 10.10%; in solid fraction of litterless manure - 16.44%; - - angle of internal friction of MBM - 38.4°; peat - 37.18°; - friction coefficient peat-plywood - 0.969; peat-steel - 1.09; MBM - plywood 1.02 and others.